Inheriting a property can be tough emotionally as well as on your bank account. Does the property need expensive upgrades and repairs? How much will you have to pay in taxes? Is there a will or will you need to deal with the probate process? But inherited properties are also a great opportunity for real estate investors and buyers looking for a discount on a property they can make their own. But what does it take for a homeowner to sell an inheritance? Are there special steps that need to be taken to deal with this type of sale? This article will explain the process of selling an inherited property to (hopefully) make a profit.
How To Sell An Inherited Property
So you’ve inherited a property and you’re not sure what happens next. In most states, the inherited property must go through a probate process so the courts can determine who is the legal owner. Probate is a legal process in which the Court legally transfers ownership of the estate’s assets to one or more beneficiaries and/or Heirs. Depending on the state of the will (if there was one), this process can be very fast or very slow.
- Determine the Executor
For inherited properties with a will, establishing the executor of the estate should be straightforward. One of the most important aspects of a will is establishing an executor that is able to carry out the deceased’s wishes through the process of probate. Any assets listed in a will can’t be sold until the will is validated by the Court but, once approved, the executor of the will is allowed to act on the wishes of the deceased. But if the will is contested or there is no will, the process might take longer as the Court gets involved.
The probate court will appoint someone not associated with the family as an administrator to the estate. These administrators play a similar role as an executor; they are responsible for carrying out the wishes of the deceased as stated in the will, as well as paying off any of the estate’s debts and distributing any assets. They may also determine if any real estate assets will need to be sold to pay off the estate’s debts, including back taxes, mortgages, etc.
- Working with Lawyers and Real Estate Agents
Probate is not a simple process which is why you’ll want an experienced lawyer to help you navigate the potential pitfalls of selling an inherited home. But once you have the probate court’s okay to move forward with the sale of the property, working with a real estate agent that has dealt with inherited homes before will be your next smart step. An experienced agent with probate experience will understand the nuances and regulations for this type of sale. They can help you find the right buyer to help you get top dollar for the inherited property. They also will be a helpful guide to let you know what is worth spending time and money to fix up and upgrade, and what is a waste of your time. Listening to their advice may be the difference between selling a property quickly and for a profit, or being stuck with a house that sits on the market for too long and sells for below market value.
- Resolve Any Debts
When you hear the word “inheritance” do you think of a mysterious great-aunt leaving you a million-dollar mansion in the woods, or do you understand the reality of having to deal with a property that might have liens against the title, years of back taxes, as well as a mortgage that leaves you with the ability to make much of a profit after a sale? Sadly, dealing with a loved one’s passing often means dealing with their debt, whether that’s in the form of taxes, a mortgage, or maxed out credit cards. Any assets you inherit must go to paying off that debt first before you can see one dime of the estate. While a house may seem like a huge asset, it also can be a huge money pit. An experienced estate advisor can help you research your options when it comes to dealing with an estate.
- Clean & Restore the Home
Once ownership has been decided and the property is considered yours, your next step will be to decide whether you want to live in it, rent it out, or sell it. Many times, when a loved one passes they leave behind a house that is not in the best of shape. Whether the property hasn’t been kept up in the past decade and needs major cleaning and repair, or there were never any upgrades done and the house will need to be completely renovated to make it “market ready”, this is the part of an inheritance that is often forgotten about.
Do all heirs have to agree to sell the property?
No, the Heirs don’t have to agree to sell an inherited house or property if ownership has been established by a will or the probate court. But if ownership has not been established, such as with an estate with no will and/or a Court-appointed administrator, then all Heirs must agree to the sale. This also includes properties that have been put up at auction by the Court to pay off the estate’s debts. If a buyer purchases a house at auction but one or more of the Heirs disagree with the sale, the purchase must be put on hold while the disagreement is worked out and a settlement is reached.
- How to Settle a Disagreement
There are a variety of options for settling disagreements among Heirs over an estate, but the first step is making sure that a loved one has an executor. Having a point person who is there to make sure the deceased’s wishes are followed as set forth in the will can ensure that there are no arguments over how the assets will be dealt with. If there is no executor and the will is being disputed, your next step may be hiring a mediator. Having a neutral third party to help work out differences will be much more affordable than a legal battle in probate court.
- Best Practices
But what if the issue is around the executor themselves? Disputes can occur when a family member is named as the executor or trustee of a will, causing strife with the other family members. If this has happened to you, an option is for the person to decline the appointment and choose an independent fiduciary, such as an estate-planning attorney, to administer the will. Stepping back while a neutral party steps in might not just keep arguments from cropping up, but might also give everyone the time and space to deal with difficult emotions before it permanently damages your family. No, the Heirs don’t have to agree to sell an inherited house or property if ownership has been established by a will or the probate court. But if ownership has not been established, such as with an estate with no will and/or a Court-appointed administrator, then all Heirs must agree to the sale. This also includes properties that have been put up at auction by the Court to pay off the estate’s debts. If a buyer purchases a house at auction but one or more of the Heirs disagree with the sale, the purchase must be put on hold while the disagreement is worked out and a settlement is reached. How to Settle a Disagreement There are a variety of options for settling disagreements among Heirs over an estate, but the first step is making sure that a loved one has an executor. Having a point person who is there to make sure the deceased’s wishes are followed as set forth in the will can ensure that there are no arguments over how the assets will be dealt with. If there is no executor and the will is being disputed, your next step may be hiring a mediator. Having a neutral third party to help work out differences will be much more affordable than a legal battle in probate court. Best Practices But what if the issue is around the executor themselves? Disputes can occur when a family member is named as the executor or trustee of a will, causing strife with the other family members. If this has happened to you, an option is for the person to decline the appointment and choose an independent fiduciary, such as an estate-planning attorney, to administer the will. Stepping back while a neutral party steps in might not just keep arguments from cropping up, but might also give everyone the time and space to deal with difficult emotions before it permanently damages your family.
How is inherited property taxed when sold?
State and local governments in the United States collected over $5.3 billion in revenue from estate and inheritance taxes in 2020. That’s a lot of taxes! But with laws and regulations different from state-to-state, you’ll want to do your research and contact a lawyer with knowledge and experience of taxes and estate planning as you deal with a surprise inheritance or you’re writing your own will.
State Tax Laws
Each state has different laws regarding inheritances. In the case of the sale of an inherited property, states may take an estate tax, an inheritance tax, as well as a capital gains tax on your inheritance. Currently, twelve states have an estate tax, 5 have an inheritance tax, and one has both an estate and inheritance tax.
- Capital Gains Tax on Inherited Property
What is the capital gains tax and which states require it? The capital gains tax is paid on the appreciation of any assets that an heir inherits through an estate but it is only levied once the asset is sold for a profit, not when you inherit. This tax is then paid on the difference between the sale price and the purchase price of the property. Most states require this tax paid on an inherited property, but there may be exemptions for individuals selling a property for less than a certain amount. An example is Washington State, where the capital gains tax is not levied on homes and/or properties sold for less than $250,000. There may also be other legal ways to get around or reduce the capital gains tax in your state, including reinvesting the money in another property. Consult with a tax lawyer knowledgeable of the laws in the area you will be selling before proceeding with the sale of your property.
- Estate Taxes
An estate tax is a tax paid directly out of the estate to the state before anyone is able to inherit it. Worried that you might get a huge hit taken from the estate? Don’t worry! The estate tax has a minimum threshold which in 2023 was $12.92 million for individuals. This means that the government is not able to charge you an estate tax unless your total taxable estate is worth $12,920,001. The remainder is passed on estate tax-free. Despite having such a high threshold, each year more states repeal their estate tax laws, losing out on millions of dollars of revenue.
- Inheritance Taxes
Only six states have an inheritance tax, meaning that it is likely that you are in the lucky majority that won’t have to deal with this. But if you live in one of those six states – Maryland, Nebraska, Kentucky, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Iowa – you as a beneficiary/Heir to an estate will be required to pay taxes on your inherited assets and properties. But don’t worry – even if you live in a state that has an inheritance tax, you won’t have to pay a dime if the deceased lived in one of the 44 states that does not have this tax.
